Repeated-Measures ANOVA and Friedman Test
Outline only. Worked examples, references, and review are still required.
Your question
How do outcomes differ across repeated measurements?
When to use this method
To develop: Describe the outcome, sampling unit, and eligible study designs.
What it estimates or tests
To develop: Define the target quantity and null and alternative hypotheses where relevant.
Check before running
To develop: Explain design assumptions and show relevant data checks. Independence comes from the design, not a normality test.
Run the analysis
To develop: Add a reproducible example linked to a chapter script and input dataset.
Understand the output
To develop: Explain the estimate, uncertainty, effect size, and test result without treating a p-value as the probability that the null is true.
Report the finding
To develop: Write an answer tied to the original question, with units and limitations.
Common mistakes and alternatives
To develop: Explain when the method does not answer the question and identify suitable alternatives.
References
To develop: Add authoritative method and software references when developing this chapter.